01 / THINK

Find the Constraint.
That Is Where the Opportunity Begins.

We don't start by asking, “What business should we build?”

We start by asking what is expensive, painful and frequent enough that solving it can change an entire system.

Where is capital trapped? Where is supply unreliable? Where is demand fragmented? Where are productive assets sitting idle?
01 THINK

THE CONSTRAINT IS THE OPPORTUNITY

MARKET CONSTRAINT REMOVE IT MARKET RELEASED
START WITH PEOPLE

Before markets. Before technology. Before capital. People.

What do people need in order to live, work, stay well and prosper?

Then we work backwards. Why is it unavailable? Why is it expensive? Why is quality inconsistent? Why must someone travel farther, wait longer or pay more? Why does a small buyer pay more than a large buyer for the same thing?

These are not simply consumer problems. They are system-design problems.
FOOD HEALTH ENERGY FINANCE COMMERCE MOBILITY CONNECTIVITY
THE RULE If it doesn't improve an essential or remove a constraint, it doesn't belong here.
THE COST OF FRAGMENTATION

Africa has demand. Africa has supply. Too often, they meet inefficiently.

Millions of consumers buy alone. Retailers procure alone. Clinics purchase alone. Manufacturers negotiate alone. Farmers sell alone. Businesses finance alone.

Aggregate Demand Purchasing Power
Aggregate Supply Availability
Aggregate Distribution Lower Cost to Serve
Aggregate Data Understood Demand
Aggregate Transactions Financeability

Scale should not only belong to the largest buyer.

Technology can let millions of small buyers participate in the economics of scale.

WORK BACKWARDS FROM THE PERSON

The person feels the price. The cause sits upstream.

When an essential is too expensive, unreliable or inaccessible, the visible problem is often only the symptom.

RAW MATERIAL PRODUCTION STORAGE LOGISTICS DISTRIBUTION RETAIL PERSON
IF FOOD IS EXPENSIVE

The constraint may be retail fragmentation, distribution, storage, working capital, manufacturing capacity, raw-material security, farm productivity or import dependence.

IF CARE IS EXPENSIVE

The constraint may be fragmented procurement, medicine pricing, diagnostic capacity, equipment utilisation, financing or distribution.

THE PRINCIPLE

The symptom sits at the end of the chain.
The constraint sits somewhere inside it.

Find it.

The best businesses do not merely participate in markets. They remove what was holding the market — and the people inside it — back.